![]() ![]() ![]() On their way back to Europe, the Portuguese left other enslaved Africans on the small islands of the eastern Atlantic, especially Madeira and the Canaries. The Portuguese purchased captives from the Benin area just east of the Niger River delta and sold them to labor in the gold mines of the Akan area. After the 1470s, gold from the Akan area inland from the so-called Gold Coast (modern-day Ghana) financed a second, larger stage of Atlantic slaving. In the process, they encountered and either purchased or captured small numbers of Africans, with the first shipload of 235 captives landing in Lagos, Portugal, in 1444. Portuguese mariners began patrolling the west coast of Africa in the fifteenth century, primarily in search of gold. Virginia planters supported these bans, which due to a surplus of enslaved laborers positioned them as suppliers in a new, domestic slave trade. The United States outlawed the importation of enslaved people through the transatlantic trade beginning in 1808. The abolitionist movement, which began in Great Britain, helped end the British trade to the United States. The number of enslaved Africans imported into the Chesapeake Bay region peaked in the decade between 1721–1730, when 13,000 men, women, and children arrived, although it continued at robust levels until around 1780. ![]() The number of enslaved Africans imported to the colony rose steeply after 1698, when the Royal African Company lost its monopoly. The Royal African Company then brought about 7,000 Africans directly to Virginia between 16. Most enslaved people reaching the Chesapeake Bay region before the 1670s were purchased from the English West Indies. In total, an estimated 388,000 Africans landed alive in North America and about 140,000 of these came to the Chesapeake Bay region. Most others labored in the Caribbean, while about 3.5 percent ended up in British North America and the United States. Of those, about 10.7 million survived, with about 40 percent of them going to work on sugarcane plantations in Brazil. Between 15, about 12.5 million Africans began the Middle Passage across the Atlantic, enduring cruel treatment, disease, and paralyzing fear aboard slave ships. The transatlantic slave trade involved the purchase by Europeans of enslaved men, women, and children from Africa and their transportation to the Americas, where they were sold for profit. ![]()
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